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<text id=93CT1415>
<title>
Turkey--Geography
</title>
<article><source>CIA Factbook</source><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: Turkey
Geography</hdr><body>
<p>Location: Southeastern Europe/Southwest Asia, bordering the
Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Iran
</p>
<list>
<l>Area:</l>
<l> total area: 780,580 km2</l>
<l> land area: 770,760 km2</l>
<l> comparative area: slightly larger than Texas</l>
</list>
<p>Land boundaries: total 2,627 km, Armenia 268 km, Azerbaijan 9
km, Bulgaria 240 km, Georgia 252 km, Greece 206 km, Iran 499 km,
Iraq 331 km, Syria 822 km
</p>
<p>Coastline: 7,200 km
</p>
<list>
<l>Maritime claims:</l>
<l> exclusive economic zone: in Black Sea only - to the
maritime boundary agreed upon with the former USSR</l>
<l> territorial sea: 6 nm in the Aegean Sea, 12 nm in the Black
Sea and in the Mediterranean Sea</l>
</list>
<p>International disputes: complex maritime and air (but not
territorial) disputes with Greece in Aegean Sea; Cyprus
question; Hatay question with Syria; ongoing dispute with
downstream riparians (Syria and Iraq) over water development
plans for the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
</p>
<p>Climate: temperate; hot, dry summers with mild, wet winters;
harsher in interior
</p>
<p>Terrain: mostly mountains; narrow coastal plain; high central
plateau (Anatolia)
</p>
<p>Natural resources: antimony, coal, chromium, mercury, copper,
borate, sulphur, iron ore
</p>
<list>
<l>Land use:</l>
<l> arable land: 30%</l>
<l> permanent crops: 4%</l>
<l> meadows and pastures: 12%</l>
<l> forest and woodland: 26%</l>
<l> other: 28%</l>
</list>
<p>Irrigated land: 22,200 km2 (1989 est.)
</p>
<p>Environment: subject to severe earthquakes, especially along
major river valleys in west; air pollution; desertification
</p>
<p>Note: strategic location controlling the Turkish straits
(Bosporus, Sea of Marmara, Dardanelles) that link Black and
Aegean Seas
</p></body></article></text>