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- WORLD, Page 58A Poet's Praise for a "Czar"
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- By ANDREI VOZNESENSKY
-
- -- Translated by Antonina W. Bouis
-
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- One of Russia's best-known poets, Andrei Voznesensky is
- also an artist and a songwriter. He wrote this essay while
- visiting New York City for an exhibition of his work at the
- Sperone Westwater Gallery.
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- What feelings did I experience watching the Soviet flag
- being lowered over the Kremlin?
-
- Was it gloating over the demise of the flag that waved
- over the Gulag and over the tanks crushing Prague, Afghanistan
- and Moscow itself -- the flag in whose name the recent
- putschists ordered 250,000 handcuffs to be ready?
-
- Or anguish for the single country, forged over a
- millennium, beautiful, horrible, yet spiritual and poetic,
- created and lived in by my forefathers, grandfather, father and
- mother?
-
- Or horror at the possible death of a culture, as fragile
- as the ozone layer, the culture of Dostoyevsky and Pasternak?
- Damn the totalitarian empire, but will this be the end of the
- only country in the world where millions of people recite
- poetry by heart, like a prayer, where they listen to poetry
- readings in stadiums, where a book of verse can still sell
- 250,000 copies?
-
- Where will the centrifugal disintegration end? Will the
- Crimea separate itself the way The Nose did in Gogol's story?
- Will the nuclear button be divided too? Instead of just one --
- four, or a whole keyboard? And then what about nuclear civil
- war?
-
- Will the rise of nationalism lead to anti-Semitism and
- racism? Yes, but standing at the funeral for three victims of
- the coup last August (one of whom was Jewish), I saw a crowd of
- 100,000 listen to the Kaddish, the Hebrew prayer of mourning.
- Just last winter, the reading of my translation of Bernstein's
- Kaddish at the Moscow conservatory seemed extraordinary. But
- what about the demons of democracy who sell anti-Semitic
- literature like Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion in
- Moscow underpasses?
-
- How will democracy continue without Gorbachev? As a
- supporter of his changes, I never praised him while he was in
- office -- a poet must not praise a czar, even a good one. But
- now I will say that this great man, one of the men of the
- century, turned around global consciousness, broke the back of
- totalitarianism and gave us glasnost.
-
- I wrote only two letters to him in my life: once to get
- permission for an exhibition of paintings by the banned Marc
- Chagall, and the second time for the rehabilitation of the
- novelist Boris Pasternak and the creation of a museum in his
- honor. Gorbachev helped both times. I never mentioned this
- before, so as not to damage his standing with the conservative
- wing. And when demonstrators call for "Gorbachev on trial!,"
- this is also a victory for him. He was the first Russian ruler
- to allow himself to be mocked. Why was there never a
- demonstration calling for trials of Stalin and Khrushchev and
- Brezhnev in their lifetimes?
-
- My economic dream is post-capitalism -- a market economy
- plus civic responsibility, and a safety net plus spiritual
- contentedness. But what salvation will the free market bring to
- our elderly neighbor in Moscow, whose annual pension now equals
- a few dollars? What is freedom to travel if the lifting of price
- controls (as planned for the new year) raises the cost of a
- ticket to New York to more than twice Gorbachev's annual
- retirement pension?
-
- With today's pace, there is no time for lamenting and
- weeping. We must build the new structure of Russia before chaos
- overtakes us. Intellectuals have to build spiritual hopes for
- hopeless people. I believe in the new Russians. I mean people
- like the eye surgeon Svyatoslav Fyodorov and the other Fyodorov,
- who opened the first private restaurant in Moscow and the first
- Muscovite restaurant in New York. I mean Mstislav Rostropovich,
- the great cellist who, mingling with the pro-democracy crowds in
- Moscow, was like a new Orpheus descended in the hell of the
- coup. I mean the 10- and 12-year-old boys, Muscovites of the
- 21st century, who are earning their first money by wiping
- windshields of cars stopped at red lights.
-
- The best minds are on Yeltsin's team now, and his courage
- saved democracy during the coup. People have to forget their
- quarrels in facing the coming chaos. And of course the
- commonwealth is now the only way to save the economy and to
- unite countries. The future depends on economics, not politics.
-
- Going back to Moscow, I don't know what the new year will
- bring. Interested in numerology, I note that the sum of the
- figures in 1992 add up to 21, the winning number in the American
- card game blackjack and the Russian card game ochko. I doubt
- that we will be lucky in the new year, but I wish you luck in
- yours. Maybe we'll both be lucky?
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