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TIME - Man of the Year
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CompactPublishing-TimeMagazine-TimeManOfTheYear-Win31MSDOS.iso
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1993-04-08
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COVER STORIES, Page 50GENERAL MOTORSRoger's Painful Legacy
By Paul A. Witteman
[Witteman was TIME's Detroit bureau chief from 1981 to 1986.]
General Motors got rid of the wrong guy last week. Bob
Stempel is not responsible for the disaster at GM. That
distinction belongs to Roger B. Smith, Stempel's predecessor as
chairman, made infamous in the film Roger & Me. As CEO from 1981
to 1990, Smith designed and executed the strategy that has
impoverished the industrial giant. Stempel was laboring to undo
the damage when GM's board forced him to fall on his sword after
little more than two years on the job. By week's end the
directors reportedly began moving to give Smith a final shove
as well.
Smith occupies a comfortable $26,000-a-year seat on the GM
board. Each time he actually attends a board meeting, he gets
an extra $1,000. He earns an additional $12,000 a year for
sharing his thoughts with the other members of the finance
committee. GM provides him with a company car and an office as
well. The capper is his retirement package, which a GM spokesman
describes as "in the range of $1 million a year." This is his
reward for a decade of stewardship in which the company lost 10
percentage points of U.S. car-market share.
In the only interview Smith granted after last week's
coup, he bristled at such criticism and sought to burnish his
legacy, telling the Detroit Free Press that Electronic Data
Systems, which GM bought in 1984 for $2.5 billion, is now worth
seven times that amount and that Hughes Aircraft ($5 billion in
1985) has doubled in value. "That's not too shabby," Smith said.
"I think I gave GM a little bit of money to see 'em through."
Fair enough. But Smith glosses over his failure to
engineer any significant prog ress in the company's main line
of business. During the 1980s the company staggered from one
automotive blunder to another. Worst among them were the
cookie-cutter cars. The idea behind them was to save on
manufacturing costs, one of Smith's abiding principles. But the
look-alike models blurred the historical marketing distinction
GM had carefully cultivated between Chevrolet at the bottom of
the market, Cadillac at the top and Pontiac, Oldsmobile and
Buick in between. None of the cookie-cutter cars will make it
to the Automotive Hall of Fame.
As GM stumbled through the '80s, many people asked
questions about Smith's competence. But GM's directors raised
nary a public peep about the executive who was leading them
downhill. The reason is simple, said Ross Perot, who was on the
board at the time. "Smith has a Pet Rock board of directors."
Bob Stempel was not so lucky.