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HEART
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1992-10-02
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SECTION III
HEART ATTACK
Heart attacks are among the leading cause of death
in the United States. A heart attack happens when
one or more of the blood vessels that supply blood
to the heart become blocked. When this occurs, cells
in the heart begin to die when they cannot get blood
for vital nourishment. If a large part of the heart
is deprived of blood, the heart stops beating and
the victim suffers CARDIAC ARREST!
When a victim's heart stops beating, they require
CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR) which provides
vital oxygen through rescue breathing and which
maintains circulation through chest compressions.
******
PROPER TRAINING IS REQUIRED TO PERFORM CPR, HOWEVER
ANY HEART ATTACK CAN LEAD TO CARDIAC ARREST AND IT
IS THEREFORE VITAL FOR FIRST AIDERS TO BE ABLE TO
RECOGNIZE THE EARLY WARNING SIGNS OF A HEART ATTACK
SO THE VICTIM CAN RECEIVE PROMPT PROFESSIONAL
ATTENTION!
******
A heart attack victim whose heart is still beating
has a much better chance of survival than a victim
whose heart has stopped! Most heart attack victims
who die succumb within 2 hours after having their
heart attack. Many of these victims could be saved
if bystanders recognize the symptoms of a heart
attack and get the victim to a hospital quickly!
Indeed, many victims of heart attacks think they are
experiencing HEARTBURN or other minor discomfort
when in fact their life is in jeopardy!
The most significant sign of a heart attack is chest
pain. The victim may describe it as pressure, a
feeling of tightness in the chest, aching, crushing,
fullness or tightness, constricting or heavy pain.
The pain may be located in the center of the chest
although it is not uncommon for the pain to radiate
to one or both shoulders or arms or to the neck, jaw
or back.
In addition to pain, victims may experience
sweating, nausea or shortness of breath. Many
victims deny they may be having a heart attack.
Others may have their condition worsened by fear of
dying.
With all victims of heart attacks - and with all
victims receiving first aid for any condition - it
is important for the rescuer to constantly reassure
the victim and keep them as calm and relaxed as
possible.
The psychological value of reassurance is as
important in first aid as any treatments!
FIRST AID FOR A HEART ATTACK
1. Recognize the signs & symptoms of a heart
attack
2. Comfort & reassure the victim
3. Have the victim stop whatever they were doing
and sit or lie in a comfortable position
4. Summon emergency medical help quickly
5. If the victim become unconscious, be prepared
to perform CPR [IF YOU ARE TRAINED TO DO SO]
All of us can reduce the risk of heart attack by
controlling high blood pressure, limiting
cholesterol in the diet, watching weight,
exercising, giving up smoking and minimizing stress.
****