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M9610022.TXT
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1996-01-30
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Document 0022
DOCN M9610022
TI Inhibition of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 protease and human
immunodeficiency virus-1 replication by bathocuproine disulfonic acid
Cu1+.
DT 9601
AU Davis DA; Branca AA; Pallenberg AJ; Marschner TM; Patt LM; Chatlynne LG;
Humphrey RW; Yarchoan R; Levine RL; Laboratory of Biochemistry, National
Heart, Lung, and Blood; Institute, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland; 20892-0320, USA.
SO Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995 Sep 10;322(1):127-34. Unique Identifier :
AIDSLINE MED/96004788
AB The protease encoded by the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) is
essential for processing viral polyproteins which contain the enzymes
and structural proteins required for the infectious virus. It was
previously found that cupric chloride, in the presence of dithiothreitol
or ascorbic acid, could inhibit the HIV-1 protease. It was suggested
that a Cu1+ chelate was the moiety responsible for inhibition of the
protease. This hypothesis has now been investigated directly by
utilizing the stable Cu1+ chelate, bathocuproine disulfonic acid Cu1+
(BCDS-Cu1+). BCDS-Cu1+ inhibited the HIV-1 wild type protease as well as
a mutant HIV-1 protease lacking cysteines. BCDS-Cu1+ was a competitive
inhibitor of the mutant HIV-1 protease with an apparent Ki of 1 microM.
Replication of HIV-1 in human lymphocytes and the cytotoxic effect of
HIV-1 in CEM cells was inhibited by micromolar BCDS-Cu1+. Inhibition of
the protease and of HIV replication by BCDS-Cu1+ was dependent on the
presence of Cu1+ as BCDS alone was ineffective. EDTA blocked the
inhibition of the protease by Cu1+ but was unable to block inhibition of
the protease by BCDS-Cu1+, indicating that the Cu1+ complex was the
inhibitory agent. The apparent IC50 for BCDS-Cu1+ on the inhibition of
replication by primary isolates of HIV-1 was 5 microM. However,
BCDS-Cu1+ did not affect polyprotein processing in an H9 cell line
chronically infected with HIV-1, indicating that BCDS-Cu1+ acts by yet
another mechanism to block HIV infection. Other possible targets for
BCDS-Cu1+ include inhibition of viral adsorption and/or inhibition of
the HIV-1 integrase.
DE Antiviral Agents/PHARMACOLOGY Cell Line Chelating Agents/*PHARMACOLOGY
Copper/*PHARMACOLOGY Edetic Acid/PHARMACOLOGY Human HIV
Protease/GENETICS HIV Protease Inhibitors/*PHARMACOLOGY HIV-1/*DRUG
EFFECTS/ISOLATION & PURIF/PHYSIOLOGY In Vitro Kinetics Leukocytes,
Mononuclear Macrophages Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
Phenanthrolines/*PHARMACOLOGY Renin/METABOLISM Virus Replication/*DRUG
EFFECTS JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).