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1996-01-30
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Document 0422
DOCN M9610422
TI Infection prevention strategies for children with cancer and AIDS:
contrasting dilemmas.
DT 9601
AU Chanock SJ; Pizzo PA; Pediatric Branch, National Cancer Institute,
National Institutes; of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
SO J Hosp Infect. 1995 Jun;30 Suppl:197-208. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/96035346
AB Infectious complications represent significant challenges for children
with cancer and those infected with HIV. Although both have similarities
in the disease- and treatment-related alterations in host defences,
there are significant differences that can have an impact on the
approach to treatment and prevention of the dominant infectious
complications. An important difference is that children with cancer
readily recover from neutropenia. Thus, the immune deficits are
interspersed with intervals of immunological recovery. On the other
hand, children with HIV infection do not appreciably recover from the
progressive, immunological changes associated with the underlying HIV
infection. The loss of cellular and humoral immunity is generally not
reversible, and thus the risk of infection only increases over time.
Bacteria constitute the predominant pathogen for paediatric cancer
patients but invasive mycoses, viruses and parasitic infections are
emerging as important pathogens. In paediatric cancer patients,
strategies have been directed at altering or suppressing the endogenous
colonization patterns of pathogenic bacteria. The success of this
approach has been limited and at the expense of selecting for
antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Children with HIV infection
are at risk of developing a wide spectrum of pathogens. Strategies for
infection prevention in the HIV setting have been directed at specific
organisms, generally using more specific antimicrobial agents and with
greater success.
DE AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/*PREVENTION & CONTROL Child
Human Immunocompromised Host Neoplasms/*COMPLICATIONS
Neutropenia/COMPLICATIONS Opportunistic Infections/*PREVENTION &
CONTROL Risk Factors JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW REVIEW, TUTORIAL
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).