home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
Collection of Education
/
collectionofeducationcarat1997.iso
/
HEALTH
/
MED9601.ZIP
/
M9610484.TXT
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1996-01-30
|
3KB
|
50 lines
Document 0484
DOCN M9610484
TI [Immunization against tuberculosis: new vaccination strategies or is
there an alternative to BCG?]
DT 9601
AU Kaufman SH; Abteilung fur Immunologie, Universitat Ulm.
SO Immun Infekt. 1995 Aug;23(4):119-24. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/96015942
AB Consistently high tuberculosis rates in many developing nations, the
surprising increase in tuberculosis cases in numerous industrialized
countries, together with the emergence of multi-drug-resistant strains
of Mycobacterium tuberculosis have sharpened public interest in this
ancient scourge. Improved tuberculosis control could best be achieved by
an efficacious vaccine. The available attenuated vaccine strain,
Mycobacterium bovis BCG, has only limited efficiency. This vaccine is
capable of protecting against disseminated miliary tuberculosis in the
newborn, but it is unable to prevent stable infection and to cause
sterile pathogen eradication. Hence, adult tuberculosis, representing
the majority of all tuberculosis cases, is not preventable by BCG
vaccination. Due to the extraordinarily high rate of asymptomatic M.
tuberculosis infection (1/3 of the total world population) any novel
vaccination strategy has to fulfil two major tasks: first, prevention of
stable infection, second, eradication of already established infection.
T lymphocytes represent the major target for any vaccine strategy,
because they serve as central mediators of acquired immunity. They
segregate into distinct populations, characterized by different
activation conditions and biological functions. These T cell populations
do not act independently from, but rather interact with, each other
mostly through cytokines. Although CD4 T lymphocytes of T helper 1 type
are essential for protection, CD8 T cells expressing cytolytic functions
are required, in addition. Perhaps other T cell populations, such as
gamma/delta T cells and double negative alpha/beta T cells, also
participate. An effective vaccine has to stimulate the precise
combination of T cells and cytokines required for the different tasks.
It remains to be clarified in how far this can be achieved by a single
vaccine.
DE Adult Antibodies, Bacterial/IMMUNOLOGY BCG Vaccine/*THERAPEUTIC USE
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/IMMUNOLOGY CD8-Positive
T-Lymphocytes/IMMUNOLOGY English Abstract Forecasting Human HIV
Infections/COMPLICATIONS Immunity, Cellular Intestinal
Mucosa/IMMUNOLOGY Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/METABOLISM
Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/METABOLISM T-Lymphocyte
Subsets/IMMUNOLOGY Th1 Cells/IMMUNOLOGY
Tuberculosis/EPIDEMIOLOGY/IMMUNOLOGY/*PREVENTION & CONTROL JOURNAL
ARTICLE REVIEW REVIEW, TUTORIAL
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).