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Document 0545
DOCN M9610545
TI Laboratory-associated infections and biosafety.
DT 9601
AU Sewell DL; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs;
Medical Center, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA.
SO Clin Microbiol Rev. 1995 Jul;8(3):389-405. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/96009215
AB An estimated 500,000 laboratory workers in the United States are at risk
of exposure to infectious agents that cause disease ranging from
inapparent to life-threatening infections, but the precise risk to a
given worker unknown. The emergence of human immunodeficiency virus and
hantavirus, the continuing problem of hepatitis B virus, and the
reemergence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis have renewed interest in
biosafety for the employees of laboratories and health care facilities.
This review examines the history, the causes, and the methods for
prevention of laboratory-associated infections. The initial step in a
biosafety program is the assessment of risk to the employee. Risk
assessment guidelines include the pathogenicity of the infectious agent,
the method of transmission, worker-related risk factors, the source and
route of infection, and the design of the laboratory facility.
Strategies for the prevention and management of laboratory-associated
infections are based on the containment of the infectious agent by
physical separation from the laboratory worker and the environment,
employee education about the occupational risks, and availability of an
employee health program. Adherence to the biosafety guidelines mandated
or proposed by various governmental and accrediting agencies reduces the
risk of an occupational exposure to infectious agents handled in the
workplace.
DE Containment of Biohazards/*STANDARDS History of Medicine, 20th Cent.
Human Laboratory Infection/HISTORY/*MICROBIOLOGY/TRANSMISSION Risk
Assessment Safety Management HISTORICAL ARTICLE JOURNAL ARTICLE
REVIEW REVIEW, TUTORIAL
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).