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1996-02-26
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Document 0804
DOCN M9620804
TI Screening and empiric treatment for syphilis in an inner-city emergency
department.
DT 9602
AU Ernst AA; Farley TA; Martin DH; Department of Medicine, Louisiana State
University, Charity; Hospital, New Orleans 70140, USA.
SO Acad Emerg Med. 1995 Sep;2(9):765-72. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/96026567
AB OBJECTIVE: To examine targeted screening and empiric treatment for
syphilis in an urban ED. METHODS: Screening of emergency patients during
previously arranged shifts from July 1991 through January 1992 in a
university-affiliated, inner-city ED. Emergency patients who perceived
that they had high-risk factors for syphilis (i.e., cocaine or heroin
use or sexual contact with a user of these substances) were compared
with emergency patients denying high risk. All presumed high-risk
patients and alternate patients in the group who denied high risk
(control group) were screened in the ED with the rapid plasma reagin
(RPR) test. Empiric antibiotic treatment was initiated if the patient
was RPR-positive and gave no previous history of syphilis. In addition,
serum was submitted to the state laboratory for VDRL and
microhemagglutination-Treponema pallidum (MHA-TP) testing. Blinded
serologic testing for HIV antibody was performed later on frozen serum.
RESULTS: Of 806 patients presenting to the ED, 276 (34%) admitted to
high-risk behavior. Of 373 patients tested by RPR in the ED (216
high-risk and 157 control patients), no significant difference was found
between the high-risk and the control patients in untreated syphilis [8
(4%) vs 4 (3%)] or positive MHA-TP [47 (22%) vs 25 (16%)]. In the
high-risk group, the women were more likely than the men to be
MHA-TP-positive (OR = 2.58, 95% CI 1.12-7.98, p = 0.04). Among the
women, the MHA-TP was more often positive for the high-risk than for the
control patients (34% vs 15%, OR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.12-4.67, p = 0.023).
For the high-risk group, seven (3%) new cases of syphilis were managed
empirically, vs three (2%) new cases for the control group. HIV
antibodies were detected in 16 of 212 (8%) high-risk patients and five
of 155 (3%) control subjects (p = 0.13). CONCLUSION: This inner-city ED
population has a high frequency of positive syphilis and HIV serologies,
regardless of acknowledged drug use risk factors. Therefore, in areas
reporting high syphilis infection rates, consideration should be given
to offering screening for syphilis to all emergency patients, along with
establishment of adequate counseling and follow-up.
DE Adolescence Adult Antibiotics, Tetracycline/THERAPEUTIC USE
Doxycycline/THERAPEUTIC USE Emergency Service, Hospital Female Human
Louisiana/EPIDEMIOLOGY Male Mass Screening Penicillin G,
Benzathine/THERAPEUTIC USE Penicillins/THERAPEUTIC USE Prospective
Studies Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Syphilis/DRUG
THERAPY/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/PREVENTION & CONTROL *Urban Population JOURNAL
ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).