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1996-02-26
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Document 0803
DOCN M9620803
TI HIV seroprevalence in emergency department patients: Portland, Oregon,
1988-1991.
DT 9602
AU Jui J; Stevens P; Hedberg K; Modesitt S; Department of Emergency
Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences; University, Portland 97201, USA.
SO Acad Emerg Med. 1995 Sep;2(9):773-83. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/96026568
AB OBJECTIVES: In Portland, OR: 1) to determine the changes in HIV
seroprevalence for ED patients from 1988 to 1991, 2) to define the
characteristics of the HIV-positive ED patient, 3) to determine the
hepatitis B seroprevalence of HIV-seropositive ED patients, and 4) to
demonstrate the feasibility of an ED population-based surveillance
investigation. METHODS: A prospective, multiyear observational,
cross-sectional, multicenter, population-based seroprevalence study was
performed using seven urban hospital EDs. Serologic testing for HIV and
hepatitis B was performed on excess blood obtained from ED patients.
Four sampling periods were used at each hospital at 14-month intervals
starting June 1988 and ending December 1991. The blood specimens were
obtained concurrently at all the participating hospitals. RESULTS: Of
1,681 patients, 17 (1.0%) were HIV-positive. The HIV seroprevalence rate
was relatively stable over time: 0.5% (2/444) in 1988, 1.7% (7/396) in
1989, 1% (3/296) in 1990, and 0.9% (5/545) in 1991. Most (94%) HIV
patients were men, 100% were white, 81% were > or = 30 years old. Most
(59%) of the HIV-positive patients also were positive for hepatitis B
core antibody. Many (76%) of the HIV-positive patients were known to be
positive by the emergency health care worker. CONCLUSION: HIV
seroprevalence among the ED patients in Portland, OR, was generally
stable from 1988 to 1991. Many HIV-positive patients also were hepatitis
B-positive, thus representing a double occupational infectious disease
risk to ED personnel. A significant minority (24%) of the HIV-positive
patients were not known to be HIV-positive by the ED personnel.
Universal precautions and hepatitis B immunization are paramount for
reducing the risk of infectious disease due to exposure to body fluids.
DE Adult Cross-Sectional Studies Emergency Service, Hospital Female
Hepatitis B/EPIDEMIOLOGY Human HIV Infections/*EPIDEMIOLOGY *HIV
Seroprevalence Male Oregon/EPIDEMIOLOGY Prospective Studies JOURNAL
ARTICLE MULTICENTER STUDY
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).