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1996-02-26
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Document 0945
DOCN M9620945
TI The epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis infections in animals and man: a
review.
DT 9602
AU O'Reilly LM; Daborn CJ; Veterinary Research Laboratory, Abbotstown,
Castleknock, Ireland.
SO Tuber Lung Dis. 1995 Aug;76 Suppl 1:1-46. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/96085694
AB Tuberculosis is primarily a respiratory disease and transmission of
infection within and between species is mainly by the airborne route.
Mycobacterium bovis, the cause of bovine-type tuberculosis, has an
exceptionally wide host range. Susceptible species include cattle,
humans, non-human primates, goats, cats dogs, pigs, buffalo, badgers,
possums, deer and bison. Many susceptible species, including man, are
spillover hosts in which infection is not self-maintaining. In countries
where there is transmission of infection from endemically infected
wildlife populations to cattle or other farmed animals, eradication is
not feasible and control measures must be applied indefinitely. Possible
methods of limiting spread of infection from wildlife to cattle
including the use of vaccines are outlined. The usefulness of DNA
fingerprinting of M. bovis strains as an epidemiological tool and of BCG
vaccination of humans and cattle as a control measure are reviewed. The
factors determining susceptibility to infection and clinical disease,
and the infectiousness of infected hosts and transmission of infection,
are detailed. Reports of the epidemiology of M. bovis infections in man
and a variety of animal species are reviewed. M. bovis infection was
recognised as a major public health problem when this organism was
transmitted to man via milk from infected cows. The introduction of
pasteurization helped eliminate this problem. Those occupational groups
working with M. bovis infected cattle or deer, on the farm or in the
slaughter house, are more likely to develop pulmonary disease than
alimentary disease. In recent years, tuberculosis in farmed cervidae has
become a disease of economic as well as public health importance in
several countries. Nowadays, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is
associated with a greatly increased risk of overt disease in humans
infected with Myobacterium tuberculosis. It is believed this increased
risk also occurs in the case of M. bovis infections in humans.
DE Animal Animals, Domestic Animals, Wild Cattle Human Immunity,
Natural *Mycobacterium bovis
Tuberculosis/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/TRANSMISSION/*VETERINARY Tuberculosis,
Bovine/EPIDEMIOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW REVIEW, ACADEMIC
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).