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NETWORK.DOC
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1987-08-30
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NETWORK.DOC.....Documentatioε fo≥ thσ prograφ NETWORK.BA╙.
Compute≥ modelinτ oµ electrica∞ network≤ i≤ ß rea∞ timσ save≥ fo≥ R╞ ì
engineers« Engineerinτ CA─ (Compute≥ AideΣ Design⌐ program≤ includσ ì
basicall∙ tw∩ type≤ oµ software║ analytica∞ anΣ synthesis« Analytica∞ ì
softwarσ derive≤ thσ circui⌠ characteristic≤ sucΦ a≤ gaiε anΣ phasσ froφ ì
giveε componen⌠ values« Synthesi≤ doe≤ jus⌠ thσ reverse¼ startinτ witΦ ì
desireΣ circui⌠ characteristic≤ sucΦ a≤ filte≥ type¼ bandwidth¼ anΣ rollofµ ì
t∩ derivσ thσ componen⌠ value≤ required« Thσ prograφ includeΣ iε thi≤ ì
librar∙ analyze≤ ß passivσ ladde≥ o≥ cascadeΣ network« Onσ valuablσ usσ oµ ì
thi≤ prograφ i≤ analysi≤ anΣ verifacatioε oµ existinτ circui⌠ designs« ì
Using the editor function, it is also possible to optimize a circuit design.
Mos⌠ R╞ network≤ caε bσ modeleΣ a≤ ß serie≤ oµ cascadeΣ circui⌠ ì
element≤ sucΦ a≤ serie≤ o≥ paralle∞ (shunt⌐ resistors¼ capacitor≤ o≥ ì
inductors« Thσ 1╖ circui⌠ model≤ includeΣ iε thi≤ prograφ ma∙ bσ cascadeΣ ì
t∩ forφ almos⌠ an∙ typσ oµ filter¼ impedancσ matchinτ network¼ o≥ ì
transmission line network.
Thi≤ prograφ allow≤ yo⌡ t∩ ente≥ componen⌠ value≤ anΣ obtaiε ß char⌠ oµ ì
insertioε loss¼ returε loss¼ VSWR¼ reflectioε coefficien⌠ (Rho)¼ anΣ botΦ ì
rea∞ anΣ imaginar∙ inpu⌠ impedances« Circuit≤ ma∙ bσ completel∙ modeleΣ ì
beforσ thσ breadboarΣ stage¼ savinτ mucΦ timσ witΦ hanΣ calculation≤ o≥ ì
trial and error in the lab.
NETWORK.BA╙ i≤ designeΣ t∩ ruε unde≥ MBASI├ o≥ BASIC-8░ anΣ doe≤ no⌠ ì
require any specific terminal type or printer type.
è CIRCUIT MODELS
------- ------
Type 1: Series resistance. (R)
*--RRRRR--*
*---------*
Type 2: Paralell resistance. (R)
*----+----*
|
R
R
R
R
|
*----+----*
Type 3: Series inductance. (L)
*--LLLLL--*
*---------*
Type 4: Paralell inductance. (L)
*----+----*
|
L
L
L
L
|
*----+----*
Type 5: Series capacitance. (C)
*--CCCCC--*
*---------*
Type 6: Paralell capacitance. (C)
*----+----*
|
C
C
C
C
|
*----+----*
è
Type 7: Series - Series RLC
*--RRRRR--LLLLL--CCCCC--*
*-----------------------*
Type 8: Paralell - Series RLC
*----+----*
|
R
R
R
|
L
L
L
|
C
C
C
|
*----+----*
Type 9: Series - Paralell RLC
--RRRRR--
| |
*--+--LLLLL--+--*
| |
--CCCCC--
*---------------*
Type 10: Paralell - Paralell RLC
*--+-----+-----+----*
| | |
R L C
R L C
R L C
| | |
*--+-----+-----+----*
Type 11: Series - Series RL/Series - Paralell C
*-+-RRRRR--LLLLL-+-*
| |
---CCCCC------
*------------------*
è
Type 12: Transmission line (Stripline)
*------------------*
*------------------*
Type 13: Open paralell stub.
*-----+------------*
|
*-----)--+---------*
| |
| |
| |
Type 14: Shorted paralell stub.
*-----+------------*
|
*-----)--+---------*
| |
| |
| |
--
Type 15: Open series stub.
| |
| |
*-----+ +-------*
*----------------*
Type 16: Shorted series stub.
----
| |
| |
*------+ +-----*
*-----------------*
Type 17: Transformer.
*-----+ :: +-------*
) :: (
) :: (
) :: (
) :: (
*-----+ :: +-------*
èPROGRAM DESCRIPTION
------- -----------
Thσ prograφ i≤ divideΣ int∩ fou≥ sections║ datß input¼ datß editor¼ ì
computation and data output.
Unit≤ useΣ iε thσ prograφ havσ beeε optimizeΣ fo≥ usσ a⌠ R╞ anΣ arσ iε ì
ohms¼ nanohenries¼ picofarads¼ inches¼ degree≤ anΣ megahertz« Thσ maximuφ ì
numbe≥ oµ circui⌠ section≤ ha≤ beeε se⌠ t∩ 3░ bu⌠ thi≤ i≤ jus⌠ arbitrar∙ a≤ ì
most computers have more than enough memory to allow more sections.
Thσ prograφ als∩ allow≤ network≤ t∩ bσ saveΣ anΣ retreiveΣ froφ disδ ì
files. This feature can save you much time and effort at entering elements.
PROGRAM EXAMPLE
------- -------
Example 1: Impedance match to a real load.
50 ohms 318 nH
+---XXXXXX---*-----+-----*---LLLLL----*----+
| | |
/ \ C X
| ~ | C 637 pF X 10 ohms
\ / C X
| | |
+------------*-----+-----*------------*----+
: : :
Element # RS : 1 : 2 : RL
: : :
Element type -- : 6 : 3 : --
: : :
Let≤ tr∙ ß simplσ examplσ iε orde≥ t∩ becomσ familia≥ witΦ thσ prograφ ì
operation« Star⌠ witΦ thσ circui⌠ iε Examplσ 1« Thi≤ i≤ ß low-pas≤ ì
impedancσ matchinτ networδ tha⌠ i≤ useΣ t∩ matcΦ ß 5░ ohφ sourcσ (RS⌐ t∩ ß ì
5░ ohφ resistivσ loaΣ (RL⌐ a⌠ 1░ Mhz« Wσ wil∞ verif∙ tha⌠ thσ matcΦ take≤ ì
placσ a⌠ 1░ Mh· anΣ theε determinσ thσ │ d┬ cut-ofµ frequency¼ thσ returε ì
loss and the VSWR within the pass-band.
Afte≥ loadinτ anΣ runninτ thσ program¼ thσ firs⌠ questioε i≤ iµ thσ ì
networδ i≤ ß (N)E╫ o≥ (S)AVE─ network« Ente≥ "N"¼ theε thσ screeε wil∞ ì
clea≥ anΣ asδ fo≥ thσ numbe≥ oµ circui⌠ sections« Ente≥ 2« Remembe≥ no⌠ t∩ ì
coun⌠ thσ sourcσ (RS⌐ anΣ loaΣ (RL⌐ resistances« Nex⌠ thσ prograφ wil∞ asδ ì
fo≥ thσ valuσ oµ thσ sourcσ resistance« Ente≥ 50« Thσ prograφ wil∞ theε ì
star⌠ loopinτ througΦ thσ networδ elements« Ente≥ thσ networδ typσ numbe≥ ì
anΣ thσ componen⌠ value≤ a≤ prompted« Fo≥ eacΦ elemen⌠ numbe≥ (#⌐ ß listinτ ì
oµ thσ possiblσ elemen⌠ type≤ wil∞ bσ displayed« Ente≥ elemen⌠ typσ ╢ ì
(paralel∞ C⌐ anΣ ß capacitancσ oµ 63╖ pF« Nex⌠ ente≥ elemen⌠ typσ │ (serie≤ ì
L⌐ witΦ aε inductancσ oµ 31╕ nH« Afte≥ yo⌡ havσ entereΣ al∞ oµ thσ circui⌠ ì
element≤ yo⌡ wil∞ bσ askeΣ fo≥ thσ valuσ oµ thσ loaΣ resistance« Ente≥ 1░ ì
ohms. At this point the data entry is completed.
Nex⌠ yo⌡ wil∞ bσ askeΣ fo≥ thσ startinτ frequency¼ ste≡ frequenc∙ anΣ ì
thσ numbe≥ oµ steps« Fo≥ screeε outpu⌠ thi≤ shoulΣ bσ 2░ o≥ less« Fo≥ ì
printe≥ outpu⌠ thi≤ ma∙ bσ increaseΣ a≤ desired« Ente≥ ß startinτ frequenc∙ ì
oµ ▒ Mhz¼ ß ste≡ frequenc∙ oµ ▒ Mh· anΣ 2░ steps« Nex⌠ yo⌡ wil∞ bσ prompteΣ ì
fo≥ screeε o≥ printe≥ output« ResponΣ witΦ "Só o≥ "P"« Thσ screeε wil∞ ì
clea≥ anΣ afte≥ ß shor⌠ dela∙ thσ result≤ wil∞ bσ displayeΣ oε thσ screeε ì
(S) o≥ on both the screen and the printer (P).
Wheε thσ calculation≤ arσ complete¼ yo⌡ shoulΣ obtaiε thσ result≤ showε ì
iε thσ tablσ below« Notσ tha⌠ a⌠ 1░ Mh· thσ sourcσ (5░ ohms⌐ i≤ indeeΣ ì
matcheΣ t∩ thσ loaΣ (1░ ohms)« A⌠ thi≤ poin⌠ thσ insertioε los≤ i≤ zer∩ d┬ ì
anΣ thσ returε los≤ i≤ nearl∙ 6▓ d┬ anΣ thσ VSW╥ i≤ 1.00:1« Als∩ notσ tha⌠ ì
thσ reflectioε coeffecien⌠ (RHO⌐ i≤ zero¼ thσ rea∞ par⌠ oµ thσ inpu⌠ ì
impedancσ (ZIN(R)⌐ i≤ nea≥ 5░ ohm≤ anΣ thσ imaginar∙ par⌠ oµ thσ inpu⌠ ì
impedancσ (ZIN(I)⌐ i≤ zer∩ ohms« Notσ tha⌠ thσ cut-ofµ frequenc∙ i≤ abou⌠ ì
14.5 Mhz.
è ==========================================
RF NETWORK ANALYSIS PROGRAM - VER 1.0 CP/M
==========================================
NETWORK LISTING:
ELEM TYPE R L C
(ZO) (L) (E)
SOURCE R 50
1 6 0 0 637
2 3 0 318 0
LOAD R 10
NOTE: R,L,C ARE FOR ELEMENT TYPES 1-11.
ZO,L,E, ARE FOR ELEMENT TYPES 12-16.
=========================================
FREQ(MHZ) IL(DB) RL(DB) VSWR RHO ZIN(R) ZIN(I)
1.00 -2.51 -3.57 4.93 0.66 10.15 1.60
2.00 -2.40 -3.72 4.74 0.65 10.60 3.25
3.00 -2.21 -4.00 4.42 0.63 11.42 4.98
4.00 -1.94 -4.43 4.01 0.60 12.72 6.83
5.00 -1.61 -5.08 3.52 0.56 14.70 8.81
6.00 -1.23 -6.08 2.97 0.50 17.71 10.86
7.00 -0.82 -7.63 2.42 0.42 22.30 12.72
8.00 -0.43 -10.27 1.88 0.31 29.34 13.50
9.00 -0.12 -15.51 1.40 0.17 39.40 10.76
10.00 0.00 -61.93 1.00 0.00 49.92 0.00
11.00 -0.15 -14.69 1.45 0.18 51.31 -18.94
12.00 -0.62 -8.73 2.15 0.37 39.42 -33.26
13.00 -1.40 -5.60 3.21 0.52 25.36 -36.35
14.00 -2.40 -3.73 4.73 0.65 15.73 -33.77
15.00 -3.52 -2.56 6.84 0.75 10.01 -29.98
16.00 -4.69 -1.80 9.67 0.81 6.64 -26.47
17.00 -5.86 -1.30 13.35 0.86 4.58 -23.53
18.00 -7.00 -0.97 17.97 0.89 3.28 -21.12
19.00 -8.09 -0.73 23.70 0.92 2.42 -19.15
20.00 -9.13 -0.57 30.68 0.94 1.83 -17.51
Followinτ thσ outpu⌠ data¼ ß shor⌠ men⌡ i≤ displayeΣ a⌠ thσ bottoφ oµ ì
thσ screen« Therσ arσ fivσ option≤ listeΣ iε thσ menu╗ (1⌐ swee≡ ì
frequency¼ (2⌐ edi⌠ elements¼ (3⌐ star⌠ over¼ (4⌐ qui⌠ anΣ (5⌐ savσ file« ì
A⌠ thi≤ point¼ yo⌡ caε changσ frequenc∙ rangσ o≥ direc⌠ outpu⌠ t∩ thσ ì
printe≥ witΦ optioε (1)« O≥ yo⌡ caε edi⌠ thσ elemen⌠ value≤ t∩ "finσ tuneó ì
you≥ circui⌠ witΦ optioε (2)« Optioε (3⌐ wil∞ allo≈ yo⌡ t∩ star⌠ ove≥ witΦ ì
ß ne≈ o≥ saveΣ network« Optioε (4⌐ exit≤ thσ prograφ bacδ t∩ MBASIC« Thσ ì
last option (5) allows you to save the current network to a disk file.
Wheε savinτ ß filσ t∩ disk¼ onl∙ ente≥ thσ namσ oµ thσ filσ wheε ì
prompteΣ no⌠ thσ filσ exten⌠ eτ LOWPAS╙ no⌠ LOWPASS.NET« Thσ exten⌠ oµ .NE╘ ì
is automatically added by the program.
NOTE║ Bσ surσ thσ filσ namσ yo⌡ picδ doe≤ no⌠ duplicatσ onσ alread∙ oε ì
thσ disδ unles≤ yo⌡ wisΦ t∩ overwritσ thσ olΣ file« Thσ prograφ wil∞ no⌠ ì
let you know that the file already exists.
PROGRAM HISTORY
------- -------
Thi≤ prograφ i≤ deriveΣ froφ onσ writteε b∙ KennitΦ Wyat⌠ oµ TR╫ ì
Electroniπ Product≤ Division« Hi≤ prograφ wa≤ writteε fo≥ thσ IB═ P├ anΣ ìèincludeΣ ß featurσ t∩ creatσ hΘ resolutioε graphiπ plot≤ oµ thσ data« ╔ wa≤ ì
forceΣ t∩ dro≡ thi≤ featurσ whilσ convertinτ thσ prograφ t∩ CP/═ becausσ m∙ ì
termina∞ doe≤ no⌠ havσ thσ capibilit∙ t∩ d∩ graphics« Iµ yo⌡ wisΦ t∩ adΣ ì
thi≤ featurσ t∩ you≥ cop∙ oµ thσ program¼ pleasσ contac⌠ mσ oε GENIE« M∙ ì
mai∞ addres≤ therσ i≤ W.MUNSON« ╔ wil∞ givσ yo⌡ thσ informatioε oε ho≈ hσ ì
did it and you should be able to take it from there. Good luck and enjoy.