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HARDWARE.NWJ
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1988-10-16
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108 lines
*********************************************************************
THIS ARTICLE IS BEING PRESENTED THROUGH THE PIP ONLINE CP/M MAGAZINE
OF THE NATIONAL CP/M ROUNDTABLE ON GENIE. copyright (c) 1988 BY
BILL JULIANI. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. PERMISSION IS HEREBY GRANTED
TO NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS ONLY TO REPRINT THIS ARTICLE OR PASS IT
ALONG ELECTRONICALLY AS LONG AS PROPER CREDIT IS GIVEN TO BOTH THE
AUTHOR AND GENIE.
*********************************************************************
***********************************
* *
* Hardware Hacking C-128 *
* *
* *
* Bill Juliani <C128.CPM> *
* *
***********************************
Hardware Hacking on the Commodore 128, 1571, and 1581
OK, you soldering fanatics!! Heat up your irons for this little un-
tried gem. I personally have not tried it <yet>, but plan to real
soon.
It is common knowledge that the 1571 and 1581 can read Double Density
MFM disks. What about Single Density? Ever buy some bargain CP/M
software and find that it is Single Density? Won't work in the '71,
Right? Here's a method to 'read' those disks, thanks to Miklos
Garamszeghy of Herne Data Systems.
First of all, Herne Data Systems or myself can not and will not be
held responsible for you cracking open your disk drive, and blowing it
up, and we are not telling you to do this modification. I'm only
supplying the information to you 'as is', untried and untested, more
in theory, than a cookbook of 'How To..'. Naturally this will void
any Warrenty on your disk drive, and I would strongly advise against
doing this modification, if you are not mechanicaly or electronicaly
inclined. Also be aware that converting your drive to Single Density
will not automatically allow you to read Single Density, however
Juggler, by Herne Data Systems will.
Let's take a look at some 'stats'. The Osborne 1 can read both Single
and Double density disks, check out the two formats:
Single Density Double Density
Tracks per disk 40 40
Sectors/track 10 5*
Logical Sectors/track 20 40*
Bytes/sector 256 1024*
Disk Capacity (K) 100 200*
Dir Track 4 4
Storage Capacity (K) 92 185*
Sector Skew 2 1*
Notice that several things change (the * items) when switching between
single and double density disks ON THE SAME COMPUTER!! Now I know
that the '71 and '81 are smart devices, but it would take a
programming expert to incorporate Single Density Formats into
something useful. So now you have two warnings: you first might ruin
your drive trying to make this modification, and second, even if it
were successful, you might not be able to use it! OK, enough for the
warnings.
Both the 1571 and 1581 disk drives use a 1770 chip as a disk
controller. Pin 26 is tied low for double density disks. Now if a
person was to remove the pin 26 from where it is soldered to the
printed circuit board, leaving that point of the PC board empty, and
solder this pin to a length of wire and then connecting the wire to
the common terminal of a SPDT switch. Now find a logic high and a
logic low on the PC board. A high can usually be found at pin 14, and
a low at pin 7 of most 14 pin chips; or pins 16 (hi) and pin 8 (low)
for most 16 pin chips. A five volt HI and a zero volt low will be
fine for either CMOS or TTL chips. The now empty PC board where pin
26 was soldered to will be fine for the logic lo. Take two more wire
lengths and solder them to the other two terminals of the switch.
Solder one wire to the Hi that you found, and the other to the low.
Current limiting resisters would be nice, but I've received
conflicting information on the need for them. Note which side of the
switch is low (double density) and hi (single density). Carefully
drill a hole in the plastic case of your drive, and mount the switch.
Make sure that the wires do not interfere with the mechanical
operation of the drive. I would also suggest that you use a ground
wire on your iron tip, and avoid static discharges.
Now your drive is ready for single density disks, and the full use of
Juggler!
**********************************************************************
A $7.95 2400 Baud Modem?
Yes! Your ears and eyes did not deceive you!! Its called a Null
Modem, and is used for two computers to talk between each other at
very fast rates. No other modem is needed, just an RS-232 port on
each computer. Radio Shack sells them for $7.95, Cat. No. 26-1496
which has one male and one female DB25 connector. Boot up your term
programs on each computer after hooking them to the Null Modem and
transfer away. My C-128 doesn't like to transfer faster than 2400
Baud, but its better than 300 B! The Null Modem is really two RS 232
connectors wired together except pins 2 and 3 are swapped. Sure, go
out and buy a male and female DB25, ribbon wire, and solder away! Let
me know when your done if you spent more than $7.95, OK? Rumor has it
that owners of the OMNITRONIX Deluxe RS232 Interface need only to
modify the left hand switch so that instead of swapping pins 2/3 and
4/8 it just switches 2/3, elliminating the need for a null modem. Of
course if your transfering ASCII or text files the above method will
ease the pain of compatibility problems between different operating
systems.