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ed_chem.lzh
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DATA
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1984-12-17
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1
Atoms are the fundamental building
blocks of all things in the universe.
The earth, the air you breathe,
this computer, you, and everything
else is made of small, invisible
atoms.
2
There are 103 varieties of atoms.
Each different kind of atom has its
own name.
Some atoms have names that are
familiar, like NICKEL, OXYGEN, IRON,
and KRYPTON. (Superman's home plan-
et is named after the KRYPTON atom).
3
Some atoms have more unusual
names. Have you ever heard of
XENON, YTTRIUM, or maybe CHROMIUM?
(Chromium is the stuff that makes
automobile bumpers shine).
4
Atoms are very, very small.
A thimble full of air contains
about 12,000,000,000,000,000,000,000
atoms. That "empty" thimble is full!
5
The center of the atom contains a
nucleus made of protons and neutrons.
Electrons travel around the nucleus.
The number of protons in an atom lets
us know what kind it is. A carbon atom
has 6 electrons that circle around 6
protons packed in its nucleus, like the
atom pictured above.
6
The hydrogen atom (H), the smallest
atom, has 1 electron and 1 proton. The
largest named atom is Lawrencium (Lr),
with 103 protons. Other elements
larger than this have recently been
discovered, but are as yet unnamed.
7
We will draw atoms as circles even
though they have a much more complicated
structure. Here are two atoms, (Cl for
chlorine) and sodium (Na). Yes, strange
as it may seem "Na" is short for sodium.
Chlorine is a poisonous gas used to
make laundry bleach. The odor of bleach
is from the chlorine.
9
Sodium is a metal that explodes when
placed in water.
It turns out that sodium and chlor-
ine atoms can be combined. Try connect-
ing the two atoms by moving the sodium
atom. (Use the right cursor to move it
manually or hit ENTER for auto-connect).
-1
*