SOME EXOTIC SPECIES THAT ARE NOT ESTABLISHED IN PUERTO RICO

ALGUNAS ESPECIES EXÓTICAS QUE NO SE HAN ESTABLECIDO EN PUERTO RICO

Many exotic bird species have escaped or been introduced into Puerto Rico. The text in the CD-ROM describes the established exotic species. The species below are examples of exotic species that have not established breeding populations.

En Puerto Rico se han introducido o se han escapado muchas especies de aves exóticas. El texto del CD-ROM describe las especies exóticas establecidas. Las especies abajo son ejemplos de especies exóticas que no han establecido poblaciones reproductoras.

Black Swan
Cygnus atratus
Cisne Negro

Photo/Foto:
M. Oberle*

Muscovy Duck
Cairina moschata
Pato Real

Details / Detalles

Photo/Foto:
R. Santos

Ring-necked Pheasant
Phasianus colchicus
Faisán Común

Audio (M. Oberle)

Photo/Foto:
G. Beaton

Helmeted Guineafowl
Numida meleagris
Guinea Torcaz

Details / Detalles

Photo/Foto:
G. Beaton

Northern Bobwhite
Colinus virginianus
Codorniz

Details / Detalles

Photo/Foto:
G. Beaton

Scarlet Ibis
Eudocimus ruber
Ibis Escarlata

Photo/Foto:
G. Beaton

Details / Detalles

Photo/Foto: S. Col≤n

Salmon-crested Cockatoo
Cacatua moluccensis
Cacatúa Moluqueña

Worldwide this species is considered vulnerable to extinction with a total wild population of 2,500-10,000.

A nivel mundial, esta especie está considerada como vulnerable a la extinción, con una población total silvestre de 2,500-10,000 individuos.
Audio (M. Oberle)*
Photo/Foto: M. Oberle

Sulphur-crested Cockatoo
Cacatua galerita
Cacatúa de Cresta Amarilla
Cacatúa Galerita

Photo/Foto:
M. Oberle

The National Cockatiel Society

North American Cockatiel Society

Cockatiel
Nymphicus hollandicus
Cacat·a Ninfa, Coquitiel

Audio (M. Oberle) *

Budgerigar
Melopsittacus undulatus Periquito Australiano

Details / Detalles
Audio (M. Oberle)*

Photo/Foto:
M. Oberle*

Rose-ringed Parakeet
Psittacula krameri
Perico de Collar Rosado

Photo/Foto:
C. Ruiz

Grey Parrot
Psittacus erithacus
Cotorra Gris Africana

Audio (M. Oberle)*

Photo/Foto:
M. Oberle*

Brown-throated Parakeet
Aratinga pertinax
Periquito Gargantimoreno
Periquito de Curazao

Details / Detalles

Photo/Foto:
D. Paulson

http://www.arndt-erlag.com/projekt/birds_3.cgi?Desc=E228.htm&Pic=228_1.JPG

Red-masked Parakeet,
(Cherry-topped Conure)
Aratinga erythrogenys
Perico Caretirrojo
Perico Frentirrojo

Audio (M. Oberle)

Red-and-green Macaw
(Green-winged Macaw)
Ara chloropterus
Guacamayo Aliverde

Audio (M. Oberle)*

Photo/Foto:
M. Oberle*

Blue-and-Yellow Macaw
Ara ararauna
Guacamayo Azul y Amarillo

Audio (M. Oberle)*
Photo/Foto:
J. Scozzafava / M. A. George*

White-fronted Parrot
Amazona albifrons
Cotorra Frentiblanca

Details / Detalles
Audio (R. Rodríguez Mojica)

Photo/Foto:
R. Rodríguez Mojica

Great Horned Owl
Bubo virginianus
B·ho Cornudo Americano

Details / Detalles

Photo/Foto: J. F. PΘrez Pagßn

European Starling
Sturnus vulgaris
Estornino

Details / Detalles
Audio (M. Oberle)

Photo/Foto:
M. Oberle

Hill Myna
Gracula religiosa
Maina de Colinas

Details / Detalles

Photo/Foto:
S. Klabdee

Audubon's Oriole
Icterus graduacauda
Calandria de Audubon

Details / Detalles

Photo/Foto: S. Bentsen

Yellow-fronted Canary
Serinus mozambicus
Verdón Cantador

Details / Detalles

Photo/Foto:
D. Paulson

Details / Detalles

Photo/Foto:
M. Oberle*

REFERENCES / REFERENCIAS

Arnold, K. E., I. P. F. Owens, and N. J. Marshall. 2002. Fluorescent signaling in parrots. Science 295:92.

BirdLife International. 2000. Threatened birds of the world. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona and Cambridge, UK.

Camacho Rodríguez, M., J. Chabert Llompart, and M. López Flores. 1999. Guía para la identificación de las aves exóticas establecidas en Puerto Rico. Depto. de Recursos Naturales y Ambientales, San Juan, PR.

Carlton, J. T. 2001. Introduced species in U. S. coastal waters: environmental impacts and management priorities. Pew Oceans Commission, Arlington, VA. http://www.pewoceans.org/reports/introduced_species.pdf

del Hoyo, J., A. Elliott, and J. Sargatal, eds. 1998. Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 4. Sandgrouse to cuckoos. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

Forshaw, J.M. 1973. Parrots of the world. Lansdowne Press, Melbourne, Australia.

Giudice, J. H. and J. T. Ratti. 2001. Ring-necked Pheasant (Phasianus colchicus). No. 572 in The birds of North America (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.

Juniper, T. and M. Parr. 1998. Parrots: A guide to parrots of the world. Yale Univ. Press.

Madge, S. and P. McGowan. 2002. Pheasants, partridges, and grouse: a guide to the pheasants, partridges, quails, grouse, guineafowl, buttonquails, and sandgrouse of the World. Princeton Univ. Press.

Oehler, et al. 2001. Translocation of Blue and Gold Macaw Ara ararauna into its historical range on Trinidad. Bird Conserv. Internatn. 11:129-14.

Pérez-Rivera, R.A. 1985. Nuevos informes y notas adicionales sobre las aves exóticas que han alcanzado el estado silvestre en Puerto Rico. Science-Ciencia 12(2):46-48.

Pérez-Rivera, R. A. 1992. Feral exotic psittaciformes from Puerto Rico. Ornitología Caribeña 3:30-34.

PΘrez-Rivera, R. A. 2001. Comments on Kirwan's first record of the Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri) in the West Indies. El Pitirre 14(1):9.

Raffaele, H.A. and C. B. Kepler. 1992. Earliest records of the recently introduced avifauna of Puerto Rico. Ornitología Caribeña 3:20-29.

Salguero-Faría, J. A. and C. Roig-Bachs. 2000. Senegal Parrot, Blue-crowned Parakeet, Olive-throated Parakeet, and Green-winged Macaw: New psittacine records for Puerto Rico. El Pitirre 13(2):45-46.

World Parrot Trust: http://www.worldparrottrust.org/

PARROTDATA: http://www.parrotdata.com/