geo4_2

(Generalized Geology of Europe including Turkey)

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Frequently-anticipated questions:


What does this data set describe?

    Title: geo4_2 (Generalized Geology of Europe including Turkey)
    Abstract:
    This coverage includes arcs, polygons, and polygon labels that describe the generalized geologic age of surface outcrops of bedrock of Europe including Turkey (Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malta, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, San Marino, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom and Vatican City.) It also includes shorelines and inland water bodies.

     
  1. How should this data set be cited?
  2. Mark J. Pawlewicz, USGS, Denver, CO (comp.), Susan M. Walden, Contractor to USGS, Denver, CO (comp.), and Douglas W. Steinshouer, Contractor to USGS, Denver, CO (comp.), 20020000, Geo4_2 (Generalized Geology of Europe and Turkey): U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO.
     
    This is part of the following larger work.
    Mark J. Pawlewicz, USGS, Denver, CO (comp.), Douglas W. Steinshouer, Contractor to USGS, Denver, CO (comp.), and Donald L. Gautier, USGS, Menlo Park, CA, 20020000, Open-file report 97-470I "Map Showing Geology, Oil and Gas Fields, and Geologic Provinces of Europe including Turkey": Open File Report 97-470 World Energy Data on CD-ROM Volume I, Europe including Turkey, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Open File Report 97-470I is one of a series of continental-scale geologic maps of the world being published on CD-ROM by the U.S. Geological Survey World Energy Project.
  3. What geographic area does the data set cover?
  4. West_Bounding_Coordinate: -33.4477
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: 73.1428
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 68.0935
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.0844
  5. What does it look like?
  6. geo4_2.gif (GIF)
    Geographic extent of mapped generalized geology of Europe including Turkey
  7. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
  8. Calendar_Date: 2001
    Currentness_Reference: Date of publication
  9. What is the general form of this data set?
  10. Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Arc/Info coverage
  11. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?

    2.  This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
    3. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?

    4.  The map projection used is Lambert Conformal Conic.
      Projection parameters:
      Standard_Parallel: 30 Degrees North
      Standard_Parallel: 60 Degrees North
      Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 22 Degrees North
      Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: 12 Degrees East
      False_Easting: 0 meters
      False_Northing: 0 meters
      Planar coordinates are encoded using Coordinate pair
      Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 1 meter
      Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 1 meter
      Planar coordinates are specified in meters

      The horizontal datum used is North American Datum 1927.
      The ellipsoid used is CLARKE1866.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378206.4.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/294.98.
       
       

  12. How does the data set describe geographic features?
  13. geo4_2.pat
    Polygon Attribute Table (Source: None)
    Area
    Area of polygon (Source: Software computed)

    Range of values
    Minimum: 615102.063
    Maximum: 2931288178688.000
    Perimeter
    Perimeter of polygon (Source: Software computed)

    Range of values
    Minimum: 3597.974
    Maximum: 124066136.000
    Geo4_2#
    Internal feature number (Source: Software computed)

    Range of values
    Minimum: 2
    Maximum: 12073
    Geo4_2-id
    Feature identification number (Source: User Defined)

    Range of values
    Minimum: 1
    Maximum: 12072
    Glg
    Geologic age (Source: User Defined)

    Value Definition
    Q Undivided Quaternary rocks 
    Qv Quaternary volcanic rocks 
    T Undivided Tertiary rocks 
    Tv Tertiary volcanic rocks 
    N Neogene rocks 
    Pg Paleogene rocks 
    Czv Cenozoic volcanic rocks 
    CzMzi Cenozoic through Mesozoic intrusive igneous rocks 
    CzMzv Cenozoic through Mesozoic volcanic rocks 
    Mz Undivided Mesozoic rocks 
    Mzi Mesozoic intrusive igneous rocks 
    Mzm Mesozoic metamorphic rocks 
    Mzv Mesozoic volcanic rocks 
    MzPz Undivided Mesozoic through Paleozoic rocks 
    MzPzm Mesozoic through Paleozoic metamorphic rocks 
    TK Tertiary through Cretaceous rocks 
    K Undivided Cretaceous rocks 
    KJ Cretaceous through Jurassic rocks 
    J Undivided Jurassic rocks 
    JTr Jurassic through Triassic rocks 
    Tr Undivided Triassic rocks 
    TrP Triassic through Permian rocks 
    Pz Undivided Paleozoic rocks 
    Pzi Paleozoic intrusive igneous rocks 
    Pzm Paleozoic metamorphic rocks 
    Pzv Paleozoic volcanic rocks 
    Pzu Upper Paleozoic rocks (Permian, Carboniferous and Devonian) 
    PzpCm Paleozoic through Precambrian rocks 
    PzpCmm Paleozoic through Precambrian metamorphic rocks 
    P Undivided Permian rocks 
    C Undivided Carboniferous rocks 
    CD Carboniferous through Devonian rocks 
    D Undivided Devonian rocks 
    DS Devonian through Silurian rocks 
    Pzl Lower Paleozoic rocks (Silurian, Ordovician, Cambrian) 
    S Undivided Silurian rocks 
    SO Silurian through Ordovician rocks 
    O Undivided Ordovician rocks 
    OCm Ordovician through Cambrian rocks 
    Cm Undivided Cambrian rocks 
    pCm Undivided Precambrian rocks (Sedimentary and metamorphic rocks are not differentiated) 
    pCmi Precambrian intrusive igneous rocks 
    pCmv Precambrian volcanic rocks 
    H2O Surface water 
    i Intrusive igneous rock of undetermined age 
    m Metamorphic rocks of undetermined age 
    ice Glacial ice 
    unk Rock age and type undetermined 
    oth Unmapped area 
    Sea1 Water between 0 and 200 meters in depth 
    Sea2 Water between 200 meters and 1000 meters in depth 
    Sea3 Water between 1000 meters and 3000 meters in depth 
    Sea4 Water between 3000 meters and 5000 meters in depth 
    Sea5 Water greater than 5000 meters in depth 

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. Attribution of generalized geologic age - Mark J. Pawlewicz, Susan M. Walden and Douglas W. Steinshouer
    Adjusting and rubbersheeting coverage to ESRI base map data - Douglas W. Steinshouer
    Editing and preparation of coverage for publication - Douglas W. Steinshouer
     Documentation and metadata - Douglas W. Steinshouer
    Coordination - Donald L. Gautier
  4. To whom should users address questions about the data?
  5. Donald L. Gautier
    U.S. Geological Survey
    345 Middlefield Road, MS 975
    Menlo Park, CA 94025
    U.S.A.

    650.329.4909 (voice)
    650.329.4975 (FAX)
    gautier@usgs.gov

    Hours_of_Service: 9:00 am - 5:00 pm PST

Why was the data set created?

To delineate geologic contacts and thematically depict generalized geologic age of outcrops in Open File Report 97-470I Map Showing Geology, Oil and Gas Fields, and Geologic Provinces of Europe including Turkey, which is being compiled as a reference for the U.S. Geological Survey's World Energy Project assessment of undiscovered, technically recoverable oil and gas resources of the world. This coverage is used to produce a map and an Adobe Acrobat Portable Document file of the map. 

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. UNESCO (source 1 of 2)
    H. -R. v. Gaertner (comp.), (comp.), H.W. Walther , (comp.), H.S. Weber , and (comp.), H.-H. Voss , 19710000, International Geological Map of Europe and the Mediterranean Region/ Carte Geologique de l'Europe et des regions riveraines de la Mediterranee: UNESCO, Hannover, Germany.
     
    Type_of_Source_Media: Paper
    Source_Scale_Denominator: 5000000
    Source_Contribution: Geologic contacts and ages.
    ESRI (source 2 of 2)
    Environmental Systems Research , Inc. (ESRI)(comp.), 19920000, Arcworld cntry_92: Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI), Redlands, CA.
     
    This is part of the following larger work.
    Environmental Systems Research , Inc. (ESRI)(comp.), 19920000, Arcworld Digital Map of the World.
     
    Type_of_Source_Media: CD-ROM
    Source_Scale_Denominator: 3000000
    Source_Contribution:
    Used as a guide to match coastlines and inland water bodies, and to verify island locations.
  3. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
  4. Date: Jun-2001 (process 1 of 7)
    UNESCO source maps were scanned with 200 dot/inch resolution.

    Data sources used in this process:

    Date: Jun-2001 (process 2 of 7)
    UNESCO source maps were registered and rectified using the ESRI Arcworld coastlines coverage.

    Data sources used in this process:

    Date: Dec-2001 (process 3 of 7)
    Geologic contacts, faults and geologic age labels were digitized using the scanned images as a guide.
    Date: Jun-2000 (process 4 of 7)
    The portion of the Western map sheet containing Svalbard was digitized and attributed

    Data sources used in this process:

    Date: Jan-2002 (process 5 of 7)
    The geologic age coverage was rectified by means of the Arc/Info adjust command with the polygon option using the ESRI Arcworld 1:3m shoreline coverage
    Date: Jan-2002 (process 6 of 7)
    Faults were extracted from geology coverage and put into a separate coverage.
    Date: Feb-2002 (process 7 of 7)
    The geologic age coverage was generalized with the Arc/Info dissolve command using the geologic age attribute as the dissolve item.

     

     
     
     


How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?

  2.  All the attributes other than standard Arc/Info attributes are of character type.

    1. Attribute item "GLG" (generalized geology) is abstracted from fill colors, fill patterns and labels on UNESCO source maps denoting geologic age of surficial outcrops. Rock units whose age is divided within a geologic period on the map are attributed undivided. For instance, units labeled "q", "qh", "qh`m", "qh`g", "qh`fg", "qh`f", "qh`e", "qh`t", "qh`r", "qp", "qp`m", "qp`g", "qp`fg", "qp`f" and "qp`e" are attributed as "Q". A more comprehensive discussion is offered below. Areas colored as surface water bodies and ocean are attributed as "H2O". Areas outside of the political entities comprising Region 4, Europe, and Asia Minor are attributed as "oth". Where there are disagreements on the original map sheets between the label and the fill color, or where printing errors occur, the preference is given to the label in attributing the unit. In some cases, a judgement is made according to the inferred geologic trend. Definitions for the values are found below in the entity and attribute information section.

    2. Standard verification of attribute reliability is performed with the Arc/Info labelerrors command to find polygons without assigned character value or with more than one value.

    3. Plots are created of the coverage, colored and labeled by item "GLG" at the same scale, projection and map extent of each of the UNESCO source map sheets for the purposes of review and examination. Review was conducted by persons uninvolved in the compilation.

    The geologic age generalized by USGS and the original UNESCO age classes are as follows:

    Q = {q,qh,qh`m,qh`g,qh`fg,qh`f,qh`e,qh`t,qh`r,qp,qp`m,qp`g,qp`fg,qp`f,qp`e}
    Qv = {V-q,B-qh,B-qp}
    T = {q+ng,m,ng,m4,m3,m3+2,pg,m2,m1}
    Tv = {V-m,B-m}
    CzMzv = {Vq-t,tq-t,B*q-t,aV*q-t,V`t*q-t,L`t*q-t}
    CzMzi = {G-ne,M-ne,O-ne,U-ne,a-ne}
    TK = {m+c}
    Mz = {ms}
    MzPz = {ms+pl,t+p}
    K = {c,c2,c1}
    KJ = {c+j}
    J = {j,j3,j2,j1}
    JTr = {j+t}
    Tr = {t,t3,t2,t1}
    Pz = {pl,pl2,pl1,h+d}
    Pzv = {V*p-pr,L*p-pr,B*p-pr,aV*p-pr}
    Pzi = {Mpl,Opl,Upl,aMpl}
    P = {p,p2,p1}
    C = {h,h2,h2`h,h1,h1`h}
    D = {d,d3,d2,d1}
    S = {s}
    SO = {s+o}
    O = {o}
    Cm = {cb}
    Pz = {pl}
    Pzm = (Paleozoic age color or label with metamorphic fill patterns present)
    Pzl = {pl1, s+cb}
    Pzu = {pl2}
    PzpCm = {eo,s+eo,cm+eo,pl+eo,pl1+eo}
    PzpCmm = {eo,s+eo,cm+eo,pl+eo,pl1+eo}(metmamorphic fill patterns present)
    pCm = {eo,pl+pr,pr,prA,prB,prC,prD,G-pr2,G-prA,G-prB,M-pr2,M-prA,G-pr1, G-prC,G-prD,M-prC,I-pr,O-pr,U-pr,aM-pr}

    Metamorphic rocks (Mzm,Pzm) were defined by metamorphic fill patterns on source map sheets.

  3. How accurate are the geographic locations?

  4.  Although a relatively low Root Mean Square (RMS) error was achieved in registering the scanned images, When the coverage was digitized there remained discrepencies with the ESRI sourced coverage. (ESRI Arcworld is chosen as a standard because it is widely accepted and available.) These discrepencies are in part the result of the registration problem, and in part caused by compilation differences between UNESCO and ESRI. Using a roving window, piecewise rubbersheeting was performed with the Arc/Info adjust command, polygon option. Identifiable features of inland water bodies and shorelines common to both sources are used as targets to create the "to - from" links for adjusting the coverage. Overlaying plots of this coverage, corresponding to the source maps in scale, projection and map extent, on a light table shows a variable offset ranging from 0 to 1 mm (5 km).

    The following describe the tolerances:

    1. Original geologic maps are presumed to be of 500 meter maximum accuracy (0.1mm at 1/5,000,000 scale)

    2. Scanned images are of 200 dot/inch resolution (0.13 mm on paper map) 

    3. Scanned images were registered and rectified with an average RMS error of ~600 meters. (0.06 mm on paper map) 

    4. Fuzzy tolerance was set at 250 meters (0.31 pixel) and weed tolerance was set at 250 meters (0.31 pixel) 

    5. 100 points were sampled on the master coverage for fit with ESRI Arcworld country boundaries and an RMS error was calculated of 1,437 meters, the maximum error was 5,045 meters.

  5. How accurate are the heights or depths?

  6.  N/A
  7. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?

  8.  Ages that are divided on the original maps are attributed as undivided. For example: two adjacent polygons of Lower and Middle Cretaceous age are digitized and attributed as one polygon of Cretaceous age. Some unusual age classifications are attributed in a more generalized or standard manner. For instance: Silurian through Eocambrian is attributed as Paleozoic. Acid, intermediate and basic igneous rocks are not differentiated and are attributed as either intrusive or extrusive (volcanic) igneous rocks.
  9. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?

  10.  Polygon topology exists. Each polygon has one unique label point with unique id, there are no dangles. Polygons are bounded at perimeter of extent, including areas attributed as water and where geologic age is not shown. The coverage is topologically cleaned and built in Arc/Info 7.1.2.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
This database contains intellectual property of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and of the Commission for the Geological Map of the World (CMGW), and is used with their permission. Portions of this database covering coastline and country boundaries contain intellectual property of Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI), and are used with their permission. End users are permitted to use these data sets for their own internal use, including derivative work, but are prohibited from using and redistributing these data individually or in a derivative work to third parties. Please refer to the "ATTACHMENT B" file (attach_b.txt) in the prmssn directory of this CD-ROM for further information on ESRI's license agreement. ESRI is a registered trademark in the United States and either a trademark or registered trademark in all other countries where it is used, and ArcExplorer, Arc/Info, Arcview and Arcworld are trademarks of Environmental Systems Research, Inc.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
  2. Central Energy Resources Team
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Box 25046, Denver Federal Center, MS 939
    Denver, CO 80225-0046
    U.S.A.

    303.236.1647 (voice)
    eteamdisks@usgs.gov

    Hours_of_Service: 8:00 am - 4:00 pm MST
  3. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

  4.  CD-ROM Open File Report 97-470I "Map Showing Geology, Oil and Gas Fields, and Geologic Provinces of Europe including Turkey"
  5. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
  6. Although data are processed on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the U.S. Geological Survey regarding the correctness of the data, or of the utility of the data in any computer system, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
  7. How can I download or order the data?

Metadata contact?

Dates:
Last modified: 01-Apr-2002

Last Reviewed: Apr-2002
Metadata author:
David A. Ferderer
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, Denver Federal Center, MS 939
Denver, CO 80225-0046
U.S.A.

303.236.3611 (voice)
303.236.8822 (FAX)
dferdere@usgs.gov

Hours_of_Service: 8:00 am - 4:00 pm MST
Metadata standard:
FGDC CSDGM (FGDC-STD-001-1998)


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Generated by mp version 2.7.2 on Tue Mar 19 11:53:32 2002