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Present
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1995-07-27
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VERBMASTER: THE AID TO LEARNING FOREIGN VERBS
FRENCH MODULE
by and (c) Nigel Caplan, 1995.
***** GrammarText *****
***** The PRESENT Tense *****
Checklist: Difficult to speak French without it!
- 1 - ===== Use =====
The present tense in French is used, as in English, for events going on
at the time of speaking/writing; it translates three English constructions:
* I watch
* I am watching
* I do watch
The present tense can also be used to express the near future:
* I am going to Paris next week
= Je vais à Paris la semaine prochaine.
- 2 - ===== Exceptions =====
There are 2 exceptions:
- when you are using a 'depuis' clause (=since), French uses the present
when an English PERFECT tense would be used, eg.
* I have been here since yesterday.
= Je suis ici depuis hier.
* I have been learning French for 3 years.
= J'apprends le français depuis 3 ans.
- when using the 'venir de + infinitve' construction, eg.
* I have just finished.
Je viens de finir.
- 3 - ===== Formation =====
Regular verbs: have a look at the standard conjugations of -er / -ir / -re
verbs from the file 'Regulars'.
Irregular verbs: Sorry - you just have to learn them! There are, however,
patterns you may discover.
Slightly irregular verbs: Certain verbs need a slight alteration in the
'je', 'tu', 'il/elle/on', 'ils/elles' forms (hence, the '1,2,3,6 verbs').
This is usually a grave accent, and is needed for the sound:
* se lever -> je me lève / nous nous levons
* acheter -> j'achète / nous achetons
Some verbs change in the 'nous' form by adding an -e before the ending
or taking a c-cedilla in order to soften the sound of a 'g' or 'c'.
* manger -> nous mangEons
* commencer -> nous commenÇons
- 4 - ===== Impersonals =====
(These verbs are not included in VerbMaster-French because they are only
really used in the 'il' form; also some general phrases)
falloir -> il faut (it is necessary)
pleuvoir -> il pleut (it is raining)
plaire -> ça me plaît (I like it)
ça va! (I am alright, etc)
il y a (there is/are)
- End -
GrammarText is written by and (c) Nigel Caplan, 1995
Only to be distributed with VerbMaster-French, a SHAREWARE package.
Registered users may print and photocopy this text under licence.
This text is an overview; you are advised to consult a grammar book.
(Errors and omissions excepted - but please contact me!)
>NAC; 24.v.95