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Pluperf
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1995-08-08
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VERBMASTER: THE AID TO LEARNING FOREIGN VERBS
GERMAN MODULE
by and (c) Nigel Caplan, 1995.
***** GrammarText *****
***** The PLUPERFECT Tense *****
- 1 - ===== Use =====
The pluperfect tense translates the following English past tense:
* I had watched.
It basically is exactly what it says (the plu- prefix is from Latin, meaning
more than) - namely an action which is 'more than perfect', in other words,
involving two steps back in time. So, if your narrative is in the perfect
or imperfect and you want to imply something HAD happened before that, you
need the pluperfect. (Just remember the word HAD!)
- 2 - ===== Formation =====
The pluperfect tense is a COMPOUND tense, this means it has two parts:
* The IMPERFECT tense of 'haben' or 'sein' (the AUXILLIARY verb)
* The PAST PARTICIPLE.
The past participle of regular verbs is formed by taking the stem and
adding 'ge-' to the beginning and '-t' to the end.
The past participle of irregular verbs has to be learnt - sorry! As with
most tenses, there are patterns. Note that you can spot irregular verbs
as their past participles don't have a 't' at the end.
You also need to decide which auxilliary verb to use; the rule is basically
that you use 'haben' for all verbs except the so-called verbs of motion or
change of state.
- 3 - ===== I like it! ====
The impersonal construction for 'I like it' is not included in VerbMaster
because it only exists in the third person:
es hatte mir gut gefallen = I had liked it.
- End -
GrammarText is written by and (c) Nigel Caplan, 1995
Only to be distributed with VerbMaster-German, a SHAREWARE package.
Registered users may print and photocopy this text under licence.
This text is an overview; you are advised to consult a grammar book.
(Errors and omissions excepted - but please contact me!)
>NAC; 8.viii.95.