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M9610808.TXT
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1996-01-30
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Document 0808
DOCN M9610808
TI Unraveling the neuroimmune mechanisms for the HIV-1-associated
cognitive/motor complex.
DT 9601
AU Nottet HS; Gendelman HE; Dept of Pathology and Microbiology, University
of Nebraska; Medical Center, Omaha 68198-5215, USA.
SO Immunol Today. 1995 Sep;16(9):441-8. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/96058254
AB Infection of the brain with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) often
leads to the devastating loss of mental faculties. Surprisingly, HIV-1
elicits such brain dysfunction without significantly infecting neurons,
astrocytes and oligodendroglia. The target for HIV-1 in the brain is the
macrophage, which usually functions as a phagocytic, antigen-presenting
and immune-regulatory cell. How can these cells produce such serious
cognitive and motor brain impairments? Here, Hans Nottet and Howard
Gendelman propose that HIV-1 penetrates the blood-brain barrier inside
differentiating macrophages, which become immune activated once inside
the brain, and secrete high levels of neurotoxins. Chronic, subclinical
disease results by astrocyte regulation of macrophage effector
functions. Ultimately, endogenous control mechanisms break down, leading
to motor and mental impairments in some affected subjects.
DE Astrocytes/IMMUNOLOGY/VIROLOGY AIDS Dementia
Complex/ETIOLOGY/*IMMUNOLOGY/THERAPY Brain/VIROLOGY Human
HIV-1/*IMMUNOLOGY Macrophages/IMMUNOLOGY Neuroimmunomodulation
Neurotoxins/BIOSYNTHESIS Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Support, U.S. Gov't,
P.H.S. JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW REVIEW, TUTORIAL
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).